Pediatric Surgery is the branch of surgery that uses operative techniques for the treatment of congenital conditions, diseases, traumatic injuries, and other disorders in young patients - newborns up through late adolescence. Pediatric surgery is a very broad term and encompasses many different specialties within its fold – pediatric general surgery, pediatric ophthalmologic surgery, pediatric otolaryngologic surgery, pediatric orthopedic surgery, and so on.

Pediatric surgery is very different from other surgeries as a pediatric patient is both physically and psychologically different from an adult. The small and immature organs of a child, especially those of a newborn, are very delicate and still in the process of development, and hence need great care during surgery.

Pediatric surgeons are medical specialists who have had specialized training in pediatric surgery. It usually takes five years of general surgery training after medical school, then a further few years of specialized instruction and experience in pediatric general surgery or in a specific pediatric specialty before being certified as a pediatric surgeon. Pediatric surgeons are trained to treat the entire spectrum of surgical illnesses. Some of these are: